Types of deterioration in objects

The environment in which objects exist is the most important detail to consider when caring for a collection. No single environmental condition will be ideal for all collections, but understanding different types of deterioration that can occur under poor environmental conditions is an important step in preventative care. Objects can deteriorate chemically, biologically, and mechanically. 

• Chemical deterioration occurs as a result of a chemical reaction between objects and their environment. Rates of chemical deterioration are accelerated by increased temperature, increased relative humidity, and increased concentrations of reactants.
• Biological deterioration occurs as a result of living organisms such as insects, bacteria, and mold. These organisms are more active in environments with higher temperature and relative humidity. 
• ​Mechanical deterioration occurs as a result of movement of the object’s components. Mechanical deterioration can occur in organic materials when they absorb water, in inorganic materials if they experience thermal expansion, and in both during fluctuations of temperature and relative humidity. Improper handling of objects can also cause mechanical deterioration. 

Guardian Fine Art Services adheres to the highest museum standards of preventative care in order to mitigate all three types of deterioration. Through strict environmental controls in our storage facility and by using museum best practices for handling artwork, our mission is to protect what collectors value.  If you have questions about your collection and preventative care, please email [email protected]. We are here to help!

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